[translation-eng] {Hopkins} cause of thing

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} (1) indirect cause of functioning thing; (2) direct cause of functioning thing; or: (1) substantial cause of functioning thing; (2) cooperating cause of functioning thing

[definition-bod] mtshan nyiddngos po'i skyed byed

[definition-eng] Def.:producer of thing

[division-bod] dbye badngos po'i brgyud rgyu/ dngos po'i dngos rgyu/ yang med na/ dngos po'i nyer len/ dngos po'i lhan cig byed rkyen/

[division-eng] Div.: (1) thing's indirect cause; (2) thing's direct cause; (or) (1) thing's substantial cause; (2) thing's cooperating condition