[translation-san] {LCh,C,L,MSA,MV} kuśala

[translation-san] {C,L,MSA,MV} śubha {C}(=praśasta)

[translation-san] {C,L,MSA} kalyāṇa

[translation-san] {MSA} kalya

[translation-san] {MSA} śukla

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} virtue; virtuous; wholesome; virtuous factor

[translation-eng] {C} wholesome; good; lovely; pleasant; merit; helpful(ness); lovely

[definition-bod] mtshan nyidlung du bstan pa gang zhig rang 'bras rnam smin bde ba 'byin byed kyi rigs su gnas pa/

[definition-eng] Def.:that which is (1) indicated [as a virtue] and (2) abides in a type bringing forth happiness as a fruition which is its own effect

[division-bod] dbye ba1 dad pa/ 2 ngo tsha shes pa/ 3 khrel yod pa/ 4 ma chags pa/ 5 zhe sdang med pa/ 6 gti mug med pa/ 7 brtson 'grus/ 8 shin tu sbyangs pa/ 9 bag yod pa/ 10 btang snyoms/ 11 rnam par mi 'tshe ba/

[division-eng] Div.:(1) faith (śraddhā); (2) shame (hrī); (3) embarrassment (apatrāpya); (4) non-attachment (alobha); (5) non-hatred (adveṣa); (6) non-ignorance (amoha); (7) effort (vīrya); (8) pliancy (prasrabdhi); (9) conscientiousness (apramāda); (10) equanimity (upekṣā); (11) non-harmfulness (avihiṃsā).

[comments] Comment: Virtuous mental factors are one of six main groupings of mental factors (sems byung, caitta): (1) five omnipresent (kun 'gro, sarvatraga) mental factors; (2) five determining (yul nges, viṣaya-pratiniyama) mental factors; (3) eleven virtuous (dge ba, kuśala) mental factors; (4) six root afflictions (rtsa nyon, mūla-kleśa); (5) twenty secondary afflictions (nye nyong, upakleśa); and (6) four changeable (gzhan 'gyur, anyathābhāva) mental factors. ""Indicated"" or ""revealed"" (lung du bstan pa) means here ""that which abides as either virtue or non-virtue."" Thus, in this case of defining virtue, it means that which is virtuous. It means that which is definite as virtuous or non-virtuous. It does not necessarily refer to Buddha's having said it this way or that way which is what those words often mean (""indicated in scripture""). ""Abides in the class of that which issues forth happiness"" is said because there are, for instance, virtues which have been overcome by hatred and do not issue forth happiness, but they are still virtues. The phrase means that there are exceptions that merely ""abide in the class of.""