[translation-eng] {Hopkins} bile

[comments] Comment: One of the three problematics (nyes pa; dośa), often translated as ""humours,"" but the ""humours"" are fluids as in the four elemental fluids of the body--blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. In Buddhist medicine the three problematics, which, when in balance, promote health and, when imbalanced, promote disease, are wind (rlung), bile (mkhris pa), and phlegm (pad kan).