Rajo (rajas) & Raja (nt.) [raj, see rajati & rañjati. Vedic rajaḥ meaning: (a) space, as region of mist & cloud, similar to antarīksa, (b) a kind of (shiny) metal (cp. rajata); see Zimmer, Altind. Leben 55]. A Forms. Both rajo & rajaŋ occur as noun & acc. sg., e. g. rajo at D ii.19; Sn 207, 334; Dhs 617; rajaŋ at Sn 275; It 83; once (in verse) rajo occurs as m, viz. Sn 662. The other cases are formed from the a -- stem only, e. g. rajassa Sn 406; pl. rajāni Sn 517, 974. In compn we find both forms, viz. (1) rajas either in visarga form rajah, as (a) rajo -- , (b) raja -- and (c) rajā -- (stressed), or in s -- form (d) rajas -- ; (2) raja -- , appearing apostrophied as (e) raj -- . B Meanings. (1) (lit.) dust, dirt; usually wet, staining dust D ii.19 (tiṇa+); Sn 662=PvA 116 (sukhumo rajo paṭivātaŋ khitto); It 83; Dhs 617 (dhūmo+). adj. rāja˚: in sa˚ & a˚ vāta Vin ii.209; Vism 31. The meaning "pollen" [Sk. raja, m.] may be seen in "raja -- missakaŋ rasaŋ" at DhA i.375. <-> 2. (fig.) stain, dirt, defilement, impurity. Thus taken conventionally by the P. commentators as the 3 -- fold blemish of man's character: rāga, dosa, moha, e. g. Nd1 505; SnA 255; DhA iii.485; or as kilesa -- raja at SnA 479. -- Sn 207 (niketā jāyate rajo), 334, 665 (rajaŋ ākirasi, metaph.), 974 (pañca rajāni loke, viz. the excitement caused by the 5 bāhirāni āyatanāni Nd1 505. Also in stanza rāgo rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati (with dosa & moha the same) Nd1 505=Nd2 590 (slightly diff.)=J i.117=Vism 388, cp. Divy 491 with interesting variation. -- adj. raja˚ in two phrases apagata˚ VvA 236 & vigata˚ Nd1 505 ≈ free from defilement. -- On raja in similes see J.P.T.S. 1907, 126. Cp. vi˚. -- C. Compounds. (a) rajo -- : ˚jalla dust and (wet) dirt, muddy dirt D ii.18; Vin iii.70; J iv.322; v.241; Miln 133, 195, 258, 410; SnA 248, 291. -- jallika living in dirty mud, designation of a class of ascetics Mi.281; J i.390. -- dhātu "dust -- element" (doubtful trsln) D i.54, which DA i.163 explns as "raja -- okiṇṇa -- ṭṭhānāni," i. e. dusty places. Dial. trsl. "places where dust accumulates," Franke, Dīgha p. 57 as "Staubiges" but rightly sees a deeper, speculative meaning in the [removed]Sānkhya doctrine of rajas?). -- mala dust & dirt J i.24. -- vajalla [this expression is difficult to explain. It may simply be a condensed phrase rajo 'va jalla, or a redupl. cpd. rajo+avajalla, which was spelt raj -- ovajalla for ava˚ because of rajo, or represents a contamination of raj -- avajalla and raj -- ojalla, or it is a metric diaeresis of rajo -- jalla] dust and dirt Dh 141 (=kaddama -- limpan' ākārena sarīre sannicita -- rajo DhA iii.77). -- haraṇa dirt -- taking, cleaning; wet rag, floor -- cloth, duster Vin ii.291; A iv.376; J i.117; DhA i.245. -- (b) raja -- : -- reṇu dirt and dust J iv.362; -- vaḍḍhana indulgence in or increase of defilement Th 2, 343 ("fleshly lusts" trsl.); ThA 240 (=rāga -- raj' ādi -- saŋvaḍḍhana). -- (c) rajā -- : ˚patha dusty place, dustiness, dust -- hole D i.62, 250; S ii.219; DA i.180 (here taken metaphorically: rāga -- raj' ādīnaŋ uṭṭhāna -- ṭṭhānaŋ). -- (d) rajas -- : ˚sira with dusty head Sn 980; J iv.184, 362, 371. See pankadanta. -- (e) raj -- : -- ˚agga a heap of dust, dirt J v.187 (=rajakkhandha C.); fig.=kilesa Pug 65, 68 (here perhaps nt. of a distorted rajakkha? So Kern, Toev. s. v.). -- ˚upavāhana taking away the dust (or dirt) Sn 391, 392.
