Puna (indecl.) [cp. Vedic punar, punaḥ, to base *pŭ (related to *apo: see apa), as in puccha tail, Lat. puppis, poop, Gr. pu/matos the last; orig. meaning "behind"] again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only found at ThA 71 (Ap. v. 38; v. l. puna) & 72 (Ap. v. 41, v. l. puna). The sandhi r is preserved only in metre and in compn.. That it is out of fashion even in metre is shown by a form punā where ā is the regular metrical lengthening instead of ar (J iii.437: na hi dāni punā atthi; v. l. puna). Besides this the r is apparent in the doubling of the first consonants of cpds. (punappunaŋ, punabbhava); it is quite lost in the enclitic form pana. -- We find r in punar āgami Sn 339; punar āgato J i.403 (=puna āgato J i.403 (=puna āgato, ra -- kāro sandhivasena vutto C.); in cpds.: punar -- abhiseka see J.P.T.S. 1885, 49; a -- punar -- āvattitā the fact of not turning back Miln 276 (cp. Prk. apuṇar -- avatti Pischel, § 343). Otherwise r stands on the same level as other sandhi (euphonic) consonants (like m. & d., see below), as in puna -- r -- eva Dh 338; Pv ii.87; ii.116. We have m in puna -- m -- upāgamuŋ Sn 306; puna by itself is rarely found, it is usually combd with other emphatic part, like eva and api. The meaning is "again," but in enclitic function (puna still found Sn 677, 876, otherwise pana); it represents "however, but, now" (cp. same relation in Ger. abermals: aber), similar to the development in Prk. puṇo vi & puṇar avi "again": puna "now" (Pischel Gr. § 342). -- puna by itself at SnA 597; PvA 3, 45; Mhvs 14, 12. doubled as punappunaŋ S i.174; Th 1, 531, 532; Sn 728, 1051; Dh 117, 118, 325, 337; J v.208; SnA 107; PvA 45, 47; punappuna at DhA ii.75; as puna -- d -- eva at D i.60, 142; Pv ii.113 (v. l.); Vism 163; DhAii.76; puna -- m -- eva Pv ii.113; puna pi once more J i.279; PvA 67, 74; puna -- p -- pi J v.208. The phrase puna c' aparaŋ "and again something else" stands on the same level as the phrase aparo pi (apare pi), with which one may compare the parallel expressions puna -- divase: aparadivase, all of which show the close relation between pi,puna, apara, but we never find para in these connections. Trenckner's (& following him Oldenberg in Vin. and Hardy in A etc.) way of writing puna ca paraŋ (e. g. Miln 201, 388, 418 etc.) is to be corrected to puna c' aparaŋ, cp. punâpara Sn 1004; Cp iii.61.
-- āgamana coming again, return S i.22 (a˚). -- āvāsa rebirth S i.200. -- divase on the following day J i.278; PvA 19, 38. -- nivattati to turn back again Si.177. -- bbhava renewed existence, new birth D ii.15; S i.133; It 62; S iv.201 (āyati˚); Sn 162, 273, 502, 514, 733; Nd2 s. v.; Nett 28, 79 sq.; PvA 63, 200; cp. ponobhavika; a˚ no more rebirth S i.174, 208; Nd2 64; ˚âbhinibbatti birth in a new existence M i.294; S ii.65; A i.223; Vin iii.3; PvA 35. -- vacanarepetition SnA 487. -- vāre (loc.) another time J v.21.
