Lancaster, PRS, p. 284: Reigned circa 770-810. Patron of Haribhadra.
Patron of Haribhadra and Jñānapāda who "filled all directions with the Prajñāpāramitā and Guhyasamāja." Jha, TABM, p. 11.
Tucci, TPS, pp. 87, 214, 272.
Dasgupta, ORC, p. 11. He was son of Gopāla I. He had the epithet Vikramaśīladeva. A clay seal tells that he also erected Somapura Mahāvihāra in North Bengal. His son was Devapāla.
Discussion of his reign period. Himansu Bhusan Sarkar, The Philosophical Matrix and Content of the Vajrayāna System as Practiced by the Śailendra-Rulers of Central Java (c. 775-856 A.D.): A Search for Its Origin (A Literary and Inscriptional Approach), Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, vols. 58-59 (1977-78), pp. 921-938 at p. 928.
For the story of his visit to Buddhajñāna (Jñānapāda) at Vajrāsana, see Collected Works of 'Phags pa as found in Sa skya pa'i bka' 'bum, Toyo Bunko (Tokyo 1968), vol. 7, p. 3.2.3 ff.
Spelled Dharma dpal. R.C. Majumdar, Political Relations of Tibet with India, Journal of the Greater India Society, vol. 8, no. 2 (July 1941), pp. 92-97, at p. 95.