The three bonds, i.e. directors of a monastery: (a) 上座sthavira, elder, president; (b) 寺主vihārasvāmin, v. 毘 the abbot who directs the temporal affairs; (c) 維那karmadāna, v. 羯 who directs the monks. Another meaning: (a) 上座; (b) 維那; (c) 典座vihārapāla, v. 毘director of worship. The three vary in different countries.