There are other figures by this name besides the famous philosopher, one of the most prominent ones being Suvarṇadvīpin (Gser gling pa), teacher of Atiśa, who probably wrote Tôh. no. 1191, and definitely wrote Tôh. no. 3794.
Still another Indian named Dharmakīrti is a Yogatantra specialist (generally with the name prefaced by Sngags 'chang) invited to 8th century Tibet. On him, see Padma dkar po, Chos 'byung, p. 326. Hoffmann, Religions, p. 71. He did a consecration at Bsam yas. Mtshan-tho, no. 10. Obermiller, Bu ston, pt. 2, p. 191 (in Tibet in time of Khri srong lde btsan, he specialized in Yogatantras). In list of imperial period pundits in Tibet contained in Zhu chen, Bstan 'gyur dkar chag, p. 158, line 17. He is here called Sngags 'chang Chos kyi grags [Mantradhara Dharmakīrti]. See also Bu-ston, Yogatantra, p. 139.4.
Information on Tibetan-language biographical sources may be found in Kuijp, TBTC, p. 381.
Schaeffer, Crystal: Dngul sgong list no. 3 (Dhar ma ghir ti); Gser sgong list; not in the other three lists.
In Vajrāsana's prayer in Egyed, Mahāsiddha no. 45 (Dharma kīrti).
Pollock in Pollock, LCH, p. 69, makes reference to his poetry and dates him to circa 650.
On the (partly based on wrong information) idea that he [the philosopher] was an expert in kāvya (author of an Alaṅkāra treatise) and a poet, see Kuijp, Treatise, pp. 382, 420, n. 5.
See Kosambi and Gokhale, Subhāṣitaratnakoṣa, p. lxxxi.
Blue Annals, pp. 201, 244, 346, 499, 803, 841, 845, 868, 869.
Christian Lindtner, Apropos Dharmakīrti: Two New Works and a New Date, Acta Orientalia, vol. 41 (1980), pp. 27-37. He says the seven pramāṇa works are generally agreed to have been authored by him, and perhaps also the commentary on the Jātakamālā and the Buddhaparinirvāṇastotra. He proposes that two other works, now apparently lost, should also be attributed to him: Tattvaniṣkarṣa and Laukikapramāṇaparīkṣā. He suggests, too, that the date of ca. 600-660 ought to be moved back to ca. 530-600. In colophons, Dharmakīrti's name is often prefaced with phrases like rigs pa shes pa rnams kyi mchog rtog ge pa rnams kyi gtsug gi nor bur gyur pa, rigs pa shes pa'i mchog, etc. (but obviously these phrases would only be used in the texts on reasoning).
Georges B.J. Dreyfus, Recognizing Reality: Dharmakīrti and His Tibetan Interpreters, State University of New York Press (Albany 1997). Reviewed by Christian Wedemeyer in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 122, no. 1 (2002), pp. 146-148.
John Dunne, Foundations of Dharmakīrti's Philosophy (Boston 2004).
Eli Franco, Dharmakīrti's Reductionism in Religion and Logic, contained in: Raffaele Torella, et al., eds., Le parole e i marmi. Studi in onore di Raniero Gnoli, Serie Orientale Roma series no. 92, Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente (Rome 2001), pp. 285-308.
Richard Hayes, Dharmakīrti on Rebirth, contained in: E. Mayeda, ed., Studies in Original Buddhism and Mahāyāna Buddhism (Kyoto 1993), vol. 1, pp. 11-129.
Richard Hayes, Introduction to Dharmakīrti's Theory of Inference as Presented in Pramāṇavārttika Svopajñavṛtti 1-10, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 19 (1991), pp. 1-73.
Richard Hayes, On the Reinterpretation of Dharmakīrti's Svabhāvahetu, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 15 (1987), pp. 319-332.
Richard Hayes, Whose Experience Validates What for Dharmakīrti, contained in: P. Bilimoria, et al., eds., Relativism, Suffering and Beyond, Oxford University Press (Delhi 1997).
T. Iwata, An Introduction of Dharmakīrti's Svabhāva-hetu, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 31 (2003), pp. 61-87.
S. Katsura, Dharmakīrti's Theory of Truth, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 12 (1984), pp. 215-235.
Birgit Kellner, Integrating Negative Knowledge into Pramāṇa Theory: The Development of the Dṛśyānupalabdhi in Dharmakīrti's Earlier Works, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 31 (2003).
Birgit Kellner, Negation: Failure or Success? Remarks on an Allegedly Characteristic Trait of Dharmakīrti's Anupalabdhi-Theory, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 31 (2003).
C.M. Keyt, Dharmakīrti's Concept of the Svalakṣaṇa, doctoral dissertation, University of Washington (Seattle 1980).
Helmut Krasser, On Dharmakīrti's Understanding of Pramāṇabhūti and His Definition of Pramāṇa, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens, vol. 45 (2001), pp. 173-199.
J.L. Masson, Did Dharmakīrti Write the Kārikās of the Alaṅkāraśekhara? Indo-Iranian Journal, vol. 14 (1972), pp. 32-39. Dharmakīrti's works were known to such important literary figures as Ānandavardhana and Abhinavagupta, but they never mention a work of his on literary kāvya topics. Chances are Dharmakīrti the philosopher wrote no such work.
M. Ono, et al., KWIC Index to the Sanskrit Texts of Dharmakīrti, Lexicological Studies of the ILCAA Tokyo, vol. 8 (1996), pp. 1-1211.
Raynald Prevereau, Dharmakīrti's Account of Yogic Intuition as a Source of Knowledge, masters thesis under direction of Richard Hayes (1994).
E. Steinkellner, Apropos of Lindtner's Two New Works of Dharmakīrti, contained in: Prajñājyoti: Gopikamoham Bhaṭṭacharya Commemoration Volume (Kurukshetra 1991), pp. 277-286.
E. Steinkellner, An Explanation of Dharmakīrti's Svabhāvahetu Definitions, contained in: F. Wilhelm, ed., Festschrift Dieter Schlingloff (Reinbek 1996), PP. 257-268.
E. Steinkellner, Die Entwicklung des Kṣaṇikatvānumānam bei Dharmakīrti, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Süd und Ostasiens, vol. 13 (1969), pp. 361-377.
EoB, vol. 4, pp. 531-535 (there are two entries, one for the logician and one for the tantric writers... apparently all works not counted among the traditional group of seven are awarded to the latter).
Bibliography:
Abhisamayālaṅkāra-nāma-prajñāpāramitopadeśaśāstra-vṛttiduravabodhāloka-nāma-ṭīkā (Shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa'i man ngag gi bstan bcos mngon par rtogs pa'i rgyan zhes bya ba'i 'grel pa rtogs par dka' ba'i snang ba zhes bya ba'i 'grel bshad). Tôh. no. 3794. Dergé Tanjur, vol. JA, folios 140v.1-254r.7. Tr. by Dīpaṅkaraśrījñāna and Rin chen bzang po.
Th. Stcherbatsky and E. Obermiller, eds., Abhisamayālaṃkāra-prajñāpāramitopadeśaśāstra, Part 1, Sri Satguru Publications (Delhi 1992).
EoB. It was authored by Dharmakīrtiśrī of Gser gling (Suvarṇadvīpa), at the city of Vijayanagara (Rnam par rgyal ba'i grong) during the reign of Devaśrī Varmarāja.
Peter Skilling, Dharmakīrti's Durbodhāloka and the Literature of Śrīvijaya, Journal of the Siam Society, vol. 83 (1997), pp. 187-194.
Ernst Steinkellner, Dharmakīrti's Hetubinduḥ, Teil II. Übersetzung und Anmerkungen, Österreichische Akademia der Wissenschaften Phil.-hist. Klasse (Vienna 1967). Reviewed by Ludo Rocher in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 89, no. 4 (Octoberr 1969), pp. 784-785. Steinkellner dates the text to 650-660 CE. Notice of a commentary: Durvekamiśra's Hetubinduṭīkāloka. Rocher comments that the Hetubindu may be the earliest Indian logic text which treats logic independently (rather than as part of a larger project).
KCDS, p. 42 (also, p. 90). A palmleaf Sanskrit manuscript belonging to the Potala.
Steinkellner, BTE, p. 208, notes the existence of an Indic manuscript, an edition under preparation.
Jātakamālāṭīkā (Skyes pa'i rabs kyi rgya cher bshad pa). Tôh. no. 4151. Dergé Tanjur, vol. HU, folios 135r.1-340r.7. Tr. by Janardhana (Janārdana?) and Shākya blo gros. There is another anonymous work by this same title, with which it should not be confused.
Peter Khoroche, Jātakamālāṭīkā, South Asian Studies, vol. 1 (1985), pp. 63-66.
Khoroche says that only the Tibetan version survives (but the anonymous work by the same title, probably dating to around 14th century, only survives in Sanskrit). Lindtner (in Acta Orientalia, vol. 41 [1980], p. 27 ff.) says this cannot possibly be by the philosopher Dharmakīrti, which perhaps shows that he is only interested in the author's philosophical side.
Michael Hahn, Variant Readings on Āryaśūra's Jātakamālā as found in the Jātakamālāṭīkā, The Journal of Oriental Research Madras, (Dr. S. S. Janaki Felicitation Volume), vols. 56-57 (1986-92), pp. 233-253, at p. 234.
Nyāyabindu-nāma-prakaraṇa (Rigs pa'i thigs pa zhes bya ba'i rab tu byed pa). Tôh. no. 4212. Dergé Tanjur, vol. CE, folios 231v.1-238r.6. Tr. by Gzhan la phan pa bzang po and Blo ldan shes rab.
E. Obermiller, Indices Verborum Sanscrit-tibetan and Tibetan-Sanscrit to the Nyāyabindu of Dharmakīrti and the Nyāyabinduṭīkā of Dharmottara (1927).
Th. Stcherbatsky, Buddhist Logic, vol. 2, has an English translation.
Louis de la Vallée Poussin, ed., Nyāyabindu, with the commentary of Vinītadeva, Asiatic Society (Calcutta 1984), reprint of 1913 edition.
Rajendra Prasad, Dharmakīrti's Theory of Inference, Revaluation and Reconstruction, Oxford University Press (New Delhi 2002), in 257 pages. This work concentrates on two of the three chapters, and is concerned only about the author's logic, not his Buddhism. He makes use of Dharmottara's commentary. Richard Hayes, Review of Rajendra Prasad, Dharmakiirti's Theory of Inference: Revaluation and Reconstruction, H-Buddhism, H-Net Reviews (July 2004). URL: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=117351094366974.
D. Shastri, Nyāyabindu of Ācārya Dharmakīrti with the Commentaries by Ārya Vinitadeva and Dharmottara and Dharmottara-ṭīkā-ṭippaṇa, Bauddha Bharati (Varanasi 1984/1994?).
Swami Dwarikadas, ed., Nyāyabindu Prakaraṇa of Ācārya Dharmakīrti with Commentary of Ārya Vinitadeva and Dharmottara, Bauddha Bhārati Series no. 18 (Varanasi 1994), in 194 pages. Includes Hindi-English translation.
Vittorio A. van Bijlert, Epistemology and Spiritual Authority: The Development of Epistemology and Logic in the Old Nyāya and Buddhist School of Epistemology, with an Annotated Translation of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttika II (Pramāṇasiddhi) vv. 107, Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien (Vienna 1989). Reviewed by Eli Franco in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 110, no. 4 (1990), pp. 740-741. Makes use of Devendrabuddhi's commentary.
Vincent Eltschinger, Penser l'autorité des Écritures: La polémique de Dharmakīrti contre la notion brahmanique orthodox d'un Veda sans auteur, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna 2007). Study of chapter one, verses 213-268.
Raniero Gnoli, ed., The Pramāṇavārttikam of Dharmakīrti, the First Chapter with the Autocommentary, Serie Orientale Roma no. 23, Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (Rome 1960).
Pascale Hugon, Breaking the Circle: Dharmakīrti’s Response to the Charge of Circularity Against the Apoha Theory and its Tibetan Adaptation, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 37, no. 6 (2009), pp. 533-557.
Birgit Kellner & Francesco Sferra, A Palm-leaf Manuscript of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttika from the Collection kept by the Nepalese Rājaguru Hemarāja Śarman, contained in: Sferra, STGT, pp. 401-484.
Birgit Kellner, Towards a Critical Edition of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttika, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens, vols. 52-53 (2009-2010), pp. 161-211.
Swami Dwarikadas Shastri, Pramāṇavārttika of Ācārya Dharmakīrti, with Commentary of Āchārya Manorathandin, Bauddha Bhārati Series no. 3 (Varanasi 1994), in 464 pages.
Y.E. Miyasaka, Pramāṇa-vārttika-kārikā (Sanskrit and Tibetan), Chapters 2, 3, 4, Acta Indologica, vol. 2 (1971-2_, pp. 1-206.
Masatoshi Nagatomi, A Study of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavarttika: An English Translation and Annotation of the Pramāṇavarttika, Book I, doctoral dissertation, Harvard University (Cambridge 1957).
Ram Chandra Pandeya, The Pramāṇavārttikam of Ācārya Dharmakīrti, with the Commentaries Svopajñāvṛtti of the Author and Pramāṇavārttikavṛtti of Manorathanandin (Delhi 1989).
Rāhula Sāṅkṛtyāyana, ed., Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārtika with a Commentary by Manorathanandin, published as appendices to Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society, vol. 24 (1938) and vol. 26 (1940).
Tom J.F. Tillemans, Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttika: An Annotated Translation of the Fourth Chapter (Parārthānumāna), Volume 1 (k. 1-148), Verlag der Österreichischen Akadmie der Wissenschaften (Vienna 2000).
Tilmann Vetter, Der Buddha und seine Lehre in Dharmakīrtis Pramāṇavārttika: Der Abschnitt über den Buddha und die vier edeln Wahrheiten im Pramāṇasiddhi-Kapitel, Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien (Vienna 1984). Reviewed by James McDermott in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 107, no. 4 (1987), pp. 776-777. Vetter uses the commentaries of Prajñākaragupta and Manorathanandin.
Eli Franco, Dharmakīrti on Compassion and Rebirth, Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien (Vienna 1997). On the second chapter of the Pramāṇavārttika, entitled Pramāṇasiddhi. Brief review by Herbert Guenther in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 120, no. 1 (2000), p. 154.
Birgit Kellner, Self-Awareness in Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttika: A First Guide Through a Thicket of a Text. A paper given at the 2008 IABS conference in Atlanta.
SERS, p. 112. Three chapters of a Sanskrit manuscript were located in Zha lu Monastery.
John Taber, Dharmakīrti against Physicalism, Journal of Indian Philosophy, vol. 31 (2003), pp. 479-502. Basically a review article on the book by Eli Franco.
An autocommentary on the first chapter, in form of an Indian manuscript, was found in Sa skya Monastery. Dge 'dun chos 'phel, Works, vol. 1, p. 31.
'U yug pa Rig pa'i seng ge, Tshad ma rnam 'grel gyi 'grel pa rigs pa'i mdzod, Patsang Lama Sonam Gyaltsen (Delhi 1982), in 2 vols. Reproduction of Sde dge woodblock print. The author of this commentary was a famous logician, student of Sa skya Paṇḍi ta.
K. Kunjunni Raja, Pramāṇavārttika, Textual Problem of Pratyakṣa—1, Adyar Library Bulletin, vol. 52 (1988), pp. 111-113.
Yoichi Fukuda and Yumiko Ishihama, A Comparative Table of Sa-bcad of the Pramāṇavārttika, Toyo Bunko (Tokyo 1986). Reviewed by Collett Cox in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 109, no. 1 (1989), p. 172. Correlates the outlines of six commentaries composed by 'U yug pa, Go rams pa, Shākya mchog ldan, Dar ma rin chen, Mkhas grub rje and Dge 'dun grub.
Khri chen VIII Smon lam dpal (b. 1414), Rje smon lam dpal bas mdzad pa'i tshad ma rnam 'grel gyi ṭīkka. Published in 1996, in 668 pages.
Kramer, rNgog, p. 61 (transcription of the rather long translation colophon). It was translated first by Subhūtiśrīśānti and Rma Dge ba'i blo gros in around mid-11th century. Then corrected by Skal ldan rgyal po (Bhavyarāja) and Rngog Lo in 'Khor lo 'dzin (Cakradhara), which lies to the east of Anupamapura in the district of Rnam par rgyal ba'i Zhing in Kashmir under the order of King Dbang lde. There were still more revisions by Śākyaśrībhadra and Sa skya Paṇḍi ta.
Bandurski, pp. 34-35 (catalogue no. 2), with a list of editions and studies.
Raniero Gnoli, ed., Pramāṇavārttikasvavṛtti of Dharmakīrti, Istituto Italiano per Estremo Oriente (Rome 1960).
John Taber, Did Dharmakīrti Think That the Buddha Had Desires? a paper given at the Fourth International Dharmakīrti Conference, Vienna (August 2005).
H. Yaita, On Anupalabdhi, Annotated Translation of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttikasvavṛtti (1), Taishô daigaku daigakuin kenkyû ronshû [Journal of the Graduate School of Taisho University], vol. 9 (1985), pp. 199-216.
H. Yaita, On Anupalabdhi, Annotated Translation of Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇavārttikasvavṛtti (2), Chizan Gakuhô [Journal of Chizen Studies], vol. 34 (1985), pp. 1-14.
Pramāṇaviniścaya (Tshad ma rnam par nges pa). Tôh. no. 4211. Dergé Tanjur, vol. CE, folios 152v.1-230r.7. Tr. by Gzhan la phan pa bzang po and Blo ldan shes rab.
Ernst Steinkellner, ed., Dharmakīrti's Pramāṇaviniścaya, Chapters 1 and 2 Critically Edited, Sanskrit Texts From the Tibetan Autonomous Region series no. 2 (Vienna 2007), in 142 pages.
E.M. Stern, Additional Fragments of Pramāṇaviniścaya I-II, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Sudasiens, vol. 35 (1991), pp. 151-168.
Tilmann Vetter, Dharmakīrtis Pramāṇaviniścayaḥ; 1. Kapitel: Pratyakṣam, Einleitung, Text der tibetischen Überzetzung, Sanskrit Fragmente, deutsche Übersetzung, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna 1966). Brief review by Alex Wayman in Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 91, no. 4 (1971), p. 550. Wayman comments that no Sanskrit text was then available, only some fragments that had been collected by E. Frauwallner. Vetter used the commentaries by Dharmottara and Jñānaśrībhadra.
KCDS, p. 42 (also, pp. 94, 117, 134). A palmleaf Sanskrit manuscript belonging to the Potala.
Steinkellner, BTE, p. 208, notes the existence of an Indic manuscript.
Kramer, rNgog, p. 63 (with transcription of the translation colophon).
Rgyud kyi rgyal po chen po dpal dgyes pa rdo rje'i dka' 'grel spyan 'byed. Tôh. no. 1191. Dergé Tanjur, vol. NGA, folios 236v.1-321r.7.
Dergé colophon: bla ma dam pas rkyen byas so sor rtog pa'i nyer len gyis // slob ma dam pa 'ga' yis yang dang yang du gsol btab nas // rgyud kyi 'grel pa dga' don spyan 'byed bdag gis byas // 'di las bsod nams kyis ni rjes su 'brang dang sems can rdo rje 'dzin thob shog // rgyud kyi rgyal po dpal dgyes pa rdo rje'i dka' 'grel spyan 'byed ces bya ba slob dpon chen po mkhas pa dharmā kīrtis mdzad pa rdzogs so // //
Kuijp, Treatise, p. 420, n. 6, identifies this Dharmakīrti as the one from Suvarṇadvīpa, teacher of Atiśa. As the subject is Hevajra, this seems reasonable.
M. Rangacharya, ed., Rūpāvatāra by Dharmakīrti, G.A. Natesan and Co. (Madras 1916, 1927). Grammatical work. Reprinted (Delhi 1995).
Sambandhaparīkṣāprakaraṇa ('Brel pa brtag pa'i rab tu byed pa). Tôh. no. 4214. Dergé Tanjur, vol. CE, folios 255r.2-256r.2. Tr. by Jñānagarbha and Nam mkha'. Revised by Rab 'byor zhi ba and Ting nge 'dzin bzang po.
Ernst Frauwallner, Dharmakīrtis Sambandhaparīkṣā, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens, vol. 41 (1934), pp. 261-300. Includes text and translation.
Helmut Tauscher, Tanjur Fragments from the Manuscript Collection at Ta-pho Monastery: Sambandhaparīkṣā with Its Commentary Vṛtti and Ṭīkā, East and West, vol. 44, no. 1 (1994), pp. 173-184.
Saṃtānāntarasiddhi-nāma-prakaraṇa (Rgyud gzhan grub pa zhes bya ba'i rab tu byed pa). Tôh. no. 4219. Dergé Tanjur, vol. CHE, folios 355v.5-359r.7. Tr. by Śuddhasiṃha and Dpal brtsegs.
Junjie Chu, Sanskrit Fragments of Dharmakīrti's Santānāntarasiddhi, a paper given at the Fourth International Dharmakīrti Conference, Vienna (August 2005).
Th. de Stcherbatskoi, ed., Tibetan Translation of Dharmakīrti's Saṃtānāntarasiddhi and Vinītadeva's Saṃtānāntarasiddhiṭīkā, with the Gloss of Ngag dbang bstan dar, Bibliotheca Buddhica series no. 19 (Petrograd 1916). Reviewed in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, vol. 1, no. 2 (1918), p. 130 ff.
Sarvadurgatipariśodhanamarahomamaṇḍalavidhi (Ngan song thams cad yongs su sbyong ba'i ro'i sbyin sreg gi dkyil 'khor gyi cho ga). Tôh. no. 2637. Dergé Tanjur, vol. JU, folios 207v.4-228r.2. Tr. by Dharmapāla and Dge ba'i blo gros.
Tattvaniṣkarṣa (De kho na nyid gsal ba). A no longer extant work.
Vādanyāya-nāma-prakaraṇa (Rtsod pa'i rigs pa zhes bya ba'i rab tu byed pa). Tôh. no. 4218. Dergé Tanjur, vol. CHE, folios 326v.4-355v.5. Tr. by Jñānaśrībhadra and Dge ba'i blo gros. Revised by Dīpaṅkara and Dar ma grags pa.
Michael Torsten Much, Dharmakīrtis Vādanyāyaḥ, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna 1991), in two parts. Includes Sanskrit text, German translation and notes.
E. Steinkellner, On the Logic of Svabhāvahetu in Dharmakīrti's Vādanyāya, contained in: E. Steinkellner, ed., Studies in the Buddhist Epistemological Tradition (Vienna 1991), pp. 311-324.
A.I. Vostrikov, The Nyāyavārttika of Udyotkara and the Vādanyāya of Dharmakīrti, Indian Historical Quarterly, vol. 11, no. 1 (March 1935), pp. 18-35.
Vajraḍākastotradaṇḍaka (Dpal rdo rje mkha' 'gro'i bstod pa rgyun chags). Tôh. no. 1442. Dergé Tanjur, vol. WA, folios 242r.4-243v.6. Tr. by Maṇikaśrījñāna and Dpal gyi mtha' can (i.e., Chos rje dpal).
Kuijp, Treatise, p. 382, says it is written in a complicated daṇḍaka metre (with more than 26 syllables in a quarter verse).
Leonard W.J. van der Kuijp, Sa-skya Paṇḍita Kun-dga' rgyal-mtshan on the Typology of Literary Genres, Studien zur Indologie und Iranistik, vol. 11-12 (1986), pp. 41-51, at p. 48, note 9.
